pandemic of swine flu of 2009 [ edit]
Main article: swine flu pandemic of 2009 .
From April 2009 outbreaks of infection have been confirmed in humans in Mexico . The number of cases, the presence of dead and transmission from human to human, had raised the alert level. Sporadic cases are suspected in other American countries. The virus appears to affect the healthy adults and typically much less, in contrast to the classical influence, the elderly and children. This is probably due to the fact that children and the elderly are largely vaccinated against seasonal flu, and it seems that this protection decreases the ability of infection in these individuals. [5] The feeding pig meat does not increase the chances of contracting the infection that is transmitted from person to person by air like the common flu. According to Professor. Calviello June cases of animal virus mutated and transmissible from human to human are due to methods of livestock fed on animal feed based [6] . Although some states have authorized the indiscriminate slaughter of pigs in their territory, eating pork cooked to at least 70 degrees seems likely to clear the pig-human transmission of disease via infected pork.
Risk Assessment [edit ]
For the moment, the pandemic is much less aggressive than its predecessor. But to predict the future should assess:
The severity of the waves - in fact, pandemics tend to spread in waves 2-3 in which the latter are worse than first.
The quality of health services offered, certainly better than in the past.
The vulnerability of the population to the new H1N1 virus , especially the lethality on people with chronic diseases, which have risen in the past.
Transformism viral - especially during the winter waves of the influenza virus could meet with the flu virus already circulating in humans. Symptoms
[edit ]
today have many symptoms in common with those of normal influenza mainly based on breathing, sometimes accompanied by nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. However, no one knows neither the extent nor do they have enough information on the particular strain of 'flu human-derived swine that [7] . It seems that the symptoms are different depending on the area where the virus is activated. While in the area probably originated in Mexico, is manifested symptoms with respiratory infections in the United States will have vomiting and gastrointestinal problems. In principle, accusing nonspecific symptoms such as fever of variable intensity, drowsiness, malaise, poor appetite and headache, frequently associated with a cold, cough and sore throat. We recommend that a medical examination whenever symptoms appear above.
Prevention [edit ]
of commuters in Mexico City subway with templates
seemingly trivial behaviors seem to have a good effect in limiting and preventing infection by influenza virus. Cover your nose and mouth and wash hands thoroughly and often with soap and water (or alcohol-based disinfectants) seems to be an effective measure in limiting the spread of viral [8] . United States of America, a press campaign informed the public about this simple garrison. To avoid infection are not enough common surgical masks but we need those. Tips for not getting sick are those usual in such cases: to avoid going to their countries of origin of the disease, not to frequent crowded places, personal hygiene.
A ministerial directive of the Italian government invited in May 2009, who had returned from Mexico in Italy at that time to stay home for seven days, as a precaution, but our country has suspended flights to the affected countries. Vaccination
[edit ]
Vaccination is the most effective method for the prevention of the disease and its complications. It was noted that the vaccine against seasonal influenza will not protect against influenza virus.
specific monovalent vaccines against H1N1 will be allowed the United States from mid-October 2009.
It is likely that the doses of vaccine needed for a complete mass vaccination will not be available because it takes time to prepare, so the U.S. authorities recommend an initial vaccination for specific groups of patients particularly at risk include:
pregnant women, people living with children younger than 6 months, health care personnel in contact with potentially infected persons, children aged between 6 months and 4 years, children, adolescents or people aged between 25 and 64 years, with chronic diseases for which are at risk of severe complications (heart disease, lung or liver disease, chronic immunosuppression, cancer, pregnancy, obesity (in some series).
Care [ edit]
seem to help care for the common antiviral drugs such as' Oseltamivir whose effectiveness is not fully established because last winter flu has not given good results in 90% of cases as opposed to Zanamivir that was decisive influence normal to heal. In any case, healing usually occurs without much difficulty, since the new flu has a mortality rate close to that of seasonal flu. [Citation ] Sir Liam Donaldson, Chief Medical Officer for Inghliterra recently said about 16 percent of those who died from influenza A/H1N1 were perfectly healthy and did not follow any therapy before infection. A further 17 percent had only mild problems such as high blood pressure or diabetes. The rest of the deaths occurred but in immunocompromised or with pre-existing health problems [9] . According to the press
non-specialist, but "recommended for both drugs were effective against influenza virus samples of the new disease" [10] [11] .
The virus has been isolated and is proceeding with the production of a vaccine. "We are analyzing the nucleotide sequence, and we are acting to the vaccine, "said the director of the Center of Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics Siena, which is thought may not be available October 1, 2009. [12] . The vaccine, according to the evolution of the pandemic could become mandatory.
WHO (World Health Organization) has declared a state of pandemic in an urgent meeting with about 27 000 HIV infections and 160 deaths. [Citation ]
Prognosis [edit ]
The mortality rate is been estimated at between 0.1 - 0.5% (about 1% against normal flu), but still can not be calculated because you do not know the number of people infected - Very often infected and healed without even knowing that he had the influenza virus - [13] [ citation], the remission of symptoms occurs usually within 2-4 days after initiation of the respiratory manifestations. The disease appears to be particularly aggressive in Mexico, country of origin of the epidemic, where he died about 5% of patients. [Citation ]
0 comments:
Post a Comment