Starting this month after a cycle of obesity and its related facets.
The material presented is taken from college textbooks and scientific articles.
The adipose organ consists of several fatty deposits that can be localized in the subcutaneous or visceral level.
lipids that accumulate in fat cells are mainly triglycerides.
There are white and brown adipocytes (in fact, the deposits are mixed).
The white adipocytes were spherical in shape with cytoplasm almost entirely occupied by a single large lipid droplet (unilocular). Functionally involved nell'acccumulo triglycerides after a meal and their release during fasting or prolonged exercise.
They also produce numerous hormones:
- angiotensinogen: its active form (angiotensin) regulates vascular tone and fluid and electrolyte balance;
- Leptin: reduction leads to the introduction of food and increase energy expenditure;
- resistin: counteracts the effects of insulin.
The adipose organ must be considered an endocrine organ. It follows that most of the metabolic syndrome that occurs when obesity is due to the dysregulation of endocrine secretion products of the adipose organ.
The brown adipocytes have numerous big mitochondria and lipid droplets. They specialize in the dissipation of energy contained in lipids in the form of heat.
They are therefore fundamental to the maintenance of body temperature. Are regulated by the sympathetic nervous system. The most important stimulus for their activation is the ambient temperature.
In obesity there is an excess of white adipocytes.
For further information: The endocrine organs Adipose
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